Membrane bioreactors website incorporating hollow fiber membranes have gained traction as a effective technology for various biotechnological applications. These systems present distinct strengths such as {high{surface area-to-volume ratios, efficient mass transfer, and enhanced cell retention. This article delivers a comprehensive review of hollow

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors offer a versatile and efficient platform for diverse biotechnological applications. These cutting-edge systems leverage the properties of hollow fiber membranes to facilitate superior mass transfer, cellular growth, and product formation. This comprehensive review delves into the basics of hollow fiber membrane bio